Spatial proportions of the Russian economy

Abstract

An effectively organized economic space has a huge impact on the socio-economic development of large economic systems. This has a special role for the Russian Federation, which is characterized by a gigantic area and a variety of structural units of spatial development. Meanwhile, there are not enough widely available publications reflecting the regional structure of the country's economy in the context of the main levels of the hierarchy of economic zoning. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main spatial proportions of GRP production in Russia. The main research methods were chosen analysis of statistical materials characterizing the regional structure of GRP production, and cartographic. As a result of the study, the main spatial features of the country's economy at the present stage were identified, the territorial structure of GRP production in the context of macro-regions, economic districts, federal districts and subjects of the federation was shown. The density of the economic space of the regions of Russia is calculated and mapped. It is shown that the benefits of economic and geographical location, proximity to the largest sales markets and international transport infrastructure contributed to accelerated economic growth in federal cities and certain coastal regions. Most of the largest regional economies are represented by the subjects of the federation located in the interior of the country and characterized by pronounced export specialization in the energy, metallurgical and chemical-forestry sectors. The concentration of centers of economic life in the interior of a vast territory, the absence of a wide "sea facade", generates a "depth" of the economy, complicates the complex of interactions with the world economy. Central-peripheral differences have also reached a huge scale in Russia, although they have gradually begun to level out in recent years.