Instruments for implementing cluster programs in OECD countries

Abstract

The intensive development of industrial clusters around the world is due to broad opportunities for economic growth and positive multiplier effects. In international practice, the formation of a cluster strategy is considered as the most important component of innovation policy, demonstrating a balanced long-term approach of the state to the integrated development of territories. Comparing the best foreign experience, the authors identify and substantiate the key tools used in the clustering of territories. Despite the large number of publications on this topic, there are practically no studies on the system analysis of the tools used in the cluster programs of foreign countries. The purpose of the article is to highlight the various tools used in cluster programs in OECD countries. Categories of commonly used tools are considered, for attracting participants, providing collective services, and fostering collaborative research. The issues of program duration and funding are discussed. An analysis of the interaction and relationships between programs for the implementation of various types of clusters is carried out. As a result of the study, the main tools have been identified and analyzed, which allow the most effective implementation of programs for clustering territories that support regional specialization and development of clusters.